期刊编辑整合审稿人的意见和编辑对稿件的大致看法形成了投稿的结果回复给作者。但是审稿人在给期刊编辑回复审稿意见的时候，你能想到他们将有多毒舌吗？让我们看看审稿人背着作者跟编辑说了哪些坏话。
1.
"The writing and data presentation are so bad that I had to leave work and go home early and then spend time to wonder what life is about."
写作水平和数据展示让我整个人都不好了，我不得不提前下班，早点回家，甚至开始怀疑人生。
揭露问题：英文写作水平低，图表数据的制作差
由于英文并非我们的母语，在写作和表达上，我们力求简单。
所选之词尽量用短词代替长词，常用词代替生僻词。但在动词的使用上，医学英语更多地强调用规范的书面语动词来代替口语中的短语动词，如：用evaporate而不用to turn „into vapor;用discover而不用to find out;用absorb而不用to take in等等。
尽量采用“-ing分词”和“-ed分词”作定语，少用关系代词which、who等引导的定语从句这样一来，既能简化语句，又能减少时态判定的失误。例：The objective of the study was to obtain the gene of human Aromatic amino aciddecarboxylase(AADC)needed (比which is need要好)in gene therapy for Parkinson’s disease.本研究目的在于获得帕金森病基因治疗中所需的人芳香族氦基酸脱羧酶(AADC)的基因。
尽量使用缩写词和名词作定语，既能简化句型又可增大信息密度。例：Transcription to mRNA is a process very similar to DNA replication and may use some of the same enzymes.信使RNA的转译过程与DNA的复制过程非常相似，它可能需要一一些同种类的酶的参与。(句子中DNA是Deoxyribonucleic acid的缩写词，同时又作为名词修饰replication)
对于图表的制作，我们要在满足期刊要求的基础上做到精致好看
现在很多期刊对图片的分辨率、格式和文字标注都有明确的要求。因此确定好目标期刊后，应该根据期刊的《投稿须知》来修改文章的图片。文章里的图片一般来自照片、作图软件或者数学处理软件做出来的图形。用合适的工具来处理不同类型的图，可以达到事半功倍的效果。处理照片的工具，重量级的有Photoshop，轻量级的有ACDSee跟画图板，个人是比较推荐GIMP。因为它不仅是个功能非常强大的开源软件，而且还支持很多种格式的导入和导出。常用的数学处理软件有MatLab 跟Origin。其中Origin可以做出非常专业的图形。当然Excel也是个很不错的选择。流程图用Visio或者PPT就差不多满足所有需求了。
2.
"This paper is awfully written. There is no adequate objective and no reasonable conclusion. The literature is quoted at random and not in the context of argument. I have doubts about the methods and whether the effort of data gathering is sufficient to arrive at a useful conclusion."
这篇论文写得太烂了。目的不明确，结论不合理。引文都是乱引的，跟正文的论证完全对不上号。我怀疑这样的实验方法，也怀疑他们收集的数据不足以得出有效结论。
揭露问题：引文乱用，结论不合理
关于参考文献的引用，我们要做到标注清晰，引用得当
只选用最必要、最新的文献。选用的文献要精选，仅限于著录作者亲自阅读过并在论文中直接引用的文献，而且，无特殊需要不必罗列众所周知的教科书或某些陈旧史料。
只选用公开发表的文献。公开发表是指在国内外公开发行的报刊或正式出版的图书上发表。在供内部交流的刊物上发表的文章和内部使用的资料，尤其是不宜公开的资料，均不能作为参考文献引用。
引用论点必须准确无误，不能断章取义。
采用规范化的著录格式。关于文后参考文献的著录已有国际标准和国家标准，论文作者和期刊编者都应熟练掌握，严格执行。
结论既然不能简单重复研究结果.就必须对研究结果有进一步的认识。
结论的内容应着重反映研究结果的理论价值、实用价值及其适用范围，井可提出建议或展望。也可指出有待进一步解决的关键性问题和今后研究的设想。因此，在结论中一般应阐述;(1)研究结果说明了什么问题及所揭示的原理和规律(理论价值);(2)在实际应用上的意义和作用(实用价值);(3)与前人的研究成果进行比较.有哪些异同，作了哪些修正、补充和发展;(4)本研究的遗留问题及建议和展望。当然并不是所有的结论写作都要具备上述内容。作者可根据研究结果的具体情况而定。
学术论文结论的语言应严谨、精炼、准确、逻辑性强。凡归结一个认识，肯定或否定一个观点.都要有根据。不能模棱两可、含糊其词。不能用“大概”、“或许”、“可能是”等词语。使用这些词语会令读者对研究结果的真实性和科学性产生疑虑。
结论应条理分明，内容较多的论文。其结论可以按研究结果的重要性递次排列。分项编号逐条例出。
3.
Taken altogether, this paper is more suitable for a local newspaper and not for a scientific journal. In fact, the style of this paper is quite non-scientific so that it can be sent to a news agency the way it is.
总的来说，相比起科学杂志而言，这篇文章更适合发表在当地小报上。毕竟这篇文章没啥科学性，当地小报应该是它一个不错的归属了。
学术研究无疑是一个求真的过程，这一过程需要通过大量的事实或史料经过逻辑论证之后才能得出结论。正是这样，学术才具有真理性和科学性。然而，当今的学术研究越来越缺乏这样的精神，做历史研究的不愿泡图书馆、档案馆，做现实研究的不愿做田野调查，用的是二手材料和二手数据，并且先预设一个价值立场，用这些材料和数据来证明这个预设的立场或观点。
殊不知，同样的材料和数据可以证实完全相反的两种观点。这样，学术研究因没有按照学术规范而导致学术失去了科学性和真理性。反过来，预设一个观点，可以毫不费力地找到相应的材料和数据来证明这个观点，这同样也会导致难以找到学术的真理。这两种情况都会造成对学术的伤害，即任何人都可以从事学术研究，学术也就从根本上丧失了其尊严，也无所谓学术权威可言。正确的方法是在阅读了大量文献之后而形成新的观点，然后再回到材料通过更多的材料来证明你的观点的科学性。
预设观点然后来找材料这是宣传的基本方法。当前学术的科学性越来越被宣传性所取代，原因在于：
一是当今行政干预学术的现象非常严重，学术质量(评奖)、学术水平(各种学术称号)、学术考核等都是行政领导来评价的，在这种情况下，甚至行政级别与学术水平成正比。在行政干预之下，学术就越来越多地为行政服务，从而使学术成为政治的附属品，为政治宣传服务。
二是一些学者为了尽快地提升自己的行政级别而不断做政治宣传的“学问”，学理性的研究被束之高阁，应景性的宣传文章则一挥而就，但往往是正确的空话、无用的废话。三是宣传性的“研究”比真正意义的学术研究容易出成果，而且也轻松。看积分报纸，浏览几个主流网站的文章，就马上形成了自己的一篇文章。而且，只要政治正确，这类文章不愁没有地方发表。学术界的浮躁也就可想而知。
2022年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)
英 语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷第二部分开始，试题序号从 “21”开始。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把容题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点除黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。
A
Scientific educational toys can develop kid’s reasoning, problem-solving and critical thinking capacity and improve their hand-eye coordination (协调). But the most powerful thing is that the children will associate learning with fun. That means they will grow into adults with a thirst for knowledge and a highly developed set of skills for learning. Here are some of the best:
·Science Kit
You can guarantee two things if you buy your kids one: a lot of fun and a lot of mess. It’s a 20-piece kit that teaches the basics of chemical reactions. It’s recommended for kids aged 6 and above, with adult company. You don’t have to be a scientist, since there is an activity book with instructions for possible experiments.
英语试题A 第1页(共10页)
·Mini Terra Kit
You don’t have to wait for the sun to come out to teach kids about the natural world. This all-inclusive kit is a miniature garden that simulates a natural environment by using a powerful LED light. It includes a terrarium jar, light-up jar lid, Micro USB charger, and all the natural ingredients to get started. It also has a simple instruction booklet that you can work through with your kids.
·Gravity Run
This classic is not just about building a structure and watching the marbles go up and down. The games are designed for kids aged 8+ to develop spatial awareness, planning, and reasoning. With 60 challenges (beginner to expert), this award-winning game can be enjoyed by all the family. The expert levels are actually quite challenging, so be prepared for some failures.
·WeRo Kit
This prize-winning robot toy features over 840 pieces, a WeRo Move Hub, Interactive Moto, and a Distance Sensor. You can build it into 5 completely different robots, meaning endless fun for the kids and even adults. Once they’ve built the character of their choice, they can programme it to perform countless tasks including walking and talking on its own.
21. What is the greatest strength of scientific educational toys?
A. Training young scientists.
B. Stimulating learning desire
C. Developing hand-eye coordination.
22. Which toy suits kids who enjoy growing plants?
A. Science kill B. Mini Terra Kit.
C. Gravity Run. D. WeRo Kit.
23. What is special about WeRo Kit?
A. It has different levels.
B. It is the only prize-winner.
C. It requires parental guidance.
D. It involves programming skills.
英语试题A 第2页(共10页)
B
Sometimes a book comes along that isn’t just “interesting” or “well done”-- it’s a book where it seems like the author looked into your brain and wrote a book specifically for you. A book like that for me was released this week. It’s called 100 Things We’ve Lost to the Internet, written by editor Pamela Paul.
Paul lists 100 things we used to do that the Internet has either changed or taken over completely: writing letters, print newspapers, the joys of being bored, and hot having all the knowledge in the world in your pocket.
As I’m a longtime accumulator of random knowledge, certain entries on the list---Being the Only One, Figuring Out Who That Actor is---hit me where live ; remembering detailed facts is no longer nearly as impressive when everyone has the capability to find the answer in seconds.
On and on the list goes, with every minor shift adding to the pile. What this book does so well is illustrate the growth of that pile; while any individual item might be no big deal, the collected set is significant. It’s a list of ways in which the world now is different from the world then.
Obviously, Paul isn’t saying that everything back then was better. Time marches on, after all. and it’s tough to argue against the many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives. But that isn’t really the point. It’s not about whether it used to be better. It’s that it used to be different.
100 Things We’ve Lost to the Internet is a fun read for those of us who share some of Paul’s memories and experiences. We remember what it was like and we like to remember. The landscape has shifted, and no doubt it will shift again as technology’s advancement continues apace. This book serves as a reminder of the simple truth that when gains are made, sometimes something is lost.
24. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To review and recommend a good read.
B. To comment on the effect of the Internet.
C. To argue for the viewpoint of a new book.
D. To urge the readers to value what they have.
25. Which might be entries on Paul’s list?
A. Maps and Eye Contact.
B. E-pay and Compact Disks.
C. Postcards and Homeschooling
D. Bad Photos and Washing Machines.
英语试题A 第3页(共10页)
26. What does the underlined phrase “hit me where l live” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Prove what I’m good at.
B. Introduce how I grew up.
C. Describe the place I live in.
D. Speak out what is on my mind.
27. What conclusion has the author drawn after reading Paul’s book?
A. Things in the past are better.
B. There’re no gains without pains.
C. The internet is a double-edged sword.
D. Technology is constantly changing the world.
C
Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization shared similarities with the Maya.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2,000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of tress unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of heaven, earth and the underworld in the Mayan civilization. “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家) stressing that “the representations of tress in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar”.
The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins, considered one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the 20th century, also show ne aspect of Bronze Age culture, indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
While the lime span between the Shu kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings highlight the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their worldview through related symbols. “In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that, at this latitude (纬度), both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon,” the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to register.
英语试题A 第4页(共10页)
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental,” says Santos.
28. What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and Maya civilization?
A. Their starting time.
B. Their historical origins.
C. Their cultural symbols.
D. Their ceremony traditions.
29. The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins have proved that ______.
A. silk was a common clothing material then
B. some technologies were developed much earlier
C. the Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed
D. the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact
30. What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins?
A. Damp weather. B. Positioning of ruins.
C. High latitude. D. Language barriers.
31. What is the focus of Santos quote in the last paragraph?
A. The future of the China-Mexico cooperation.
B. The benefits of speaking a different language.
C. The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D. The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
D
Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. He had not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we’re looking for.
英语试题A 第5页(共10页)
“Thank you, but no thank you.” says Ralph King. a climate scientist. He told Grey Childs. author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, “but there are other things we need to deal with, like consumption. They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter” to bring the plastic to the glacier. This experiment, quote-unquote, gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changing human behavior. It can’t. Technology won’t give us a free ride.
Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won’t be climate victims, we will be climate Choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives. The engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. but that then? “Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver down my back, Grey writes.” “Something sounded wrong about stopping ice by our own will,” he says.
Me? I like it better when the earth takes care of itself, I guess one day we will have to run the place, but for the moment, sitting at my desk, looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling, I’m happy not to be in charge.
32. Why does the author mention Jason Box’s experiment in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce a possible solution to climate change.
B. To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate.
C. To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier.
D. To arouse people’s attention to the problem of global warming.
33. Which statement would Ralph King most probably agree with?
A. The fight against climate change will not succeed.
B. Technology is-not the final solution, let alone its high cost.
C. It’s best to deal with climate change without changing our behavior.
D. Jason’s experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.
34. What is Grey Childs’s attitude to human’s controlling the climate?
A. Favorable B. Tolerant C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. But should we fix the climate?
B. Is climate change a real problem?
C. How can we take care of the earth?
D. What if all the glaciers disappeared?
英语试题A 第6页(共10页)
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How does it feel when you solve u problem by yourself? Things may not always go to plan, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. 36 They can also be anything else that’s useful. such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability, you’re born with rather than though or training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to sole the problem.
37 when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 38 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.
When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 39 Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. 40
A. You also learn what you’re good at.
B. Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C. These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.
E. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
F. They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.
G. Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
英语试题A 第7页(共10页)
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’d worked four months at a university when we had a going away party for Sandy, who was moving to London. When I got to work the next day, I was 41 to see Sandy there.” Aren’t you supposed to be in London?” I asked She 42 me and said, “I’m Helen.”
I then found out that I have a rare disease face blindness. This 43 sent me to the doctor I didn’t think much about it. 44 , I’m a successful adult --- who cares if my 45 isn’t quite like everyone else’s? Then, I met Dr Smith. “Your ability to learn new faces is among the worst,” he said. “As for cures, nothing so far has been very 46 .” After a sad goodbye, fled in tears.
I was 47 until Dad gave me some important advice. “Everyone just wants to talk about themselves,” he said. “Just ask questions.” This 48 transformed my life. When walking on campus, if someone looked my way, I 49 . If they smiled, I stopped to chat. Soon I became an expert at talking to 50 .
This year, I celebrated my birthday with over 60 friends, many of whom l wasn’t able to 51 . I was fine with that. 52 , I can take courses to treat my illness, but I’d rather spend that time on something I 53 , like looking at birds. I get such a 54 identifying them.
55 my face blindness, I’ve learnt to see the world.
41. A. excited B. surprised C. frightened D. pleased
42. A. stared at B. thought of C. got away from D. reached out for
43. A. disaster B. accident C. discovery D. expectation
44. A. However B. Somehow C. Anyway D. Moreover
45. A. illness B. growth C. face D. brain
46. A. promising B. popular C. cheap D. comfortable
47. A. unconcerned B. impatient C. desperate D. annoyed
48. A. tip B. question C. explanation D. warning
49. A. hesitated B. smiled C. panicked D. waited
50. A. students B. strangers C. colleagues D. patients
51. A. invite B. trust C. greet D. recognise
52. A. Eventually B. Fortunately C. Actually D. Hopefully
53. A. remember B. ignore C. miss D. enjoy
54. A. chance B. thrill C. shock D. trouble
55. A. According to B. Regardless of C. In fear of D. Thanks to
英语试题A 第8页(共10页)
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lucy Black recently became the youngest person to travel to every country in the world. By the age of 23, she has visited all the countries in an effort to challenge 56 (she) and push the limits of 57 she believed was possible for a female traveler.
Lucy 58 (primary) used planes, boats, and trains to get around. It was not all plain sailing and there were many difficulties Lucy met, including 59 (arrange) visas to enter some countries. But the challenges 60 (outweigh) by the memorable experiences on her way. “There’re so many incredible experiences that can come out of traveling alone because you arc more open to the connections with the 61 (local) than you would be in a big group,” she said.
Lucy had the pleasure of meeting 62 variety of people and experiencing different cultures. But the most 63 (value) experience of all was discovering a new sense of independence, she said.
For Lucy, nothing beats traveling, which she described 64 her favorite part of being alive. 65 I would be lying if I said 1 wasn’t enjoying taking time over the past year to recover from all the wear and tear I have done to my body over the past three years,” she added.
第四部分 写作(共两节满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
某英文杂志开设“一周一成语”专栏，向外国读者介绍中国成语。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍成语“锲而不舍”。内容包括:
1. 解释字面意思.
2. 阐释道理。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的应位置作答。
锲而不含(qiè ér bù shě)
英语试题A 第9页(共10页)
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my little brother Tom was four, Mom said something like “I’d give anything to have a few more hours in the day.” And Tom said, “Why don’t we buy a bigger clock?” If time worked that way, I could have used an extra-big clock last week!
Our teacher had asked us to make an art project showing how plants eat, “I can’t believe we only have two nights to finish it,” Noah said with a sigh. “I have no idea how I’ll get mine done.”
I didn’t say anything. Nat because I was nervous --- I wasn’t nervous at all. 1 love art projects! In fact, I was so relaxed that I didn’t work on the project at all on Monday night. I planned to start the minute I got home from baseball practice on Tuesday. But there was just one thing.
I forgot baseball would run later than usual because it was the day of Baseball Buddies, which happens every month, and it’s a chance for us older students to practise baseball with the adorable younger kids. The second I got home, I threw the entire craft box (手工盒) onto the kitchen table, took out my “How Plants Eat” paper, and started to work. But just then, the telephone rang.
It was my friend Ollie, who said his grandmother Abuela had just made cookies and wanted to know if I’d come help decorate them. I love decorating cookies, and I love, love. love Abucla’s world-famous Thanksgiving cookies that only happen once a year!
Thad no choice. I had to go. Ollie and I put all the star cookies with red jam filling in one group, and all the snowflakes with white cream-cheese filling in another. It was 7 o’clock when I finally got home.1 planned to work on my project right after we ate. But then another interruption hit me.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右.
2. 诗按如下格式在答题卡的应位置作答。
Just as I was about to start, Dad said, “Joanna, it’s your tum to do the dishes.”
Looking at the big “F” on my paper, I started to reflect on what I had done these days.
英语试题A 第10页(华10页)
2022年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)
英语答案
阅读理解
21-23 BBD
24-27 AADC
28-31 CBAC
32-35 CBCA
七选五
36-40 FEAGD
完形填空
41-45 BACAD
46-50 ACABB
51-55 DCDAD
写作
略
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